British North America Secedes from the Empire Essay

British North America Secedes from the Empire - Essay Example Although such a question is necessarily broad and would require a thesis length response to capture the full depth and complexity exhibited therein, this brief essay will seek to establish the points as succinctly and efficiently as possible so as to provide the reader with a broad overview and analysis of key issues without becoming distracted by the sheer complexity that such an issue necessarily presents. In order to begin the discussion into the right of the people to secede and ultimately engage in violent struggle against their former government, the reader/researcher must first consider the situation throughout the rest of the British Empire prior to the outbreak of discontent and violence within the American colonies. Due to e very expensive Seven Years War, also known in the colonies as the French-Indian War, the British Empire found itself in a high level of debt. As with most governmental structures at that time, it was necessary for the British government to work to pay o ff this debt as soon as possible so as to give the Empire and the Crown a level of overall sovereignty and wealth (Cook 74). A little known fat with reference to the tax ratio in the colonies was the fact that it was in all actuality much lower than the tax rates of any other British possessions around the world. As a function of this, the royal review of parliament judged that it only made logical sense to add to the overall level of taxation within the colonies as a means of paying off this debt. As can be seen from history, this acted as a flashpoint of hardly subtle frustration that the colonists already harbored with relation to British rule. In this way, the political aspect of this taxation served to reignite the frustrations faced by the colonists at being what they termed as second class citizens. Whereas many historical interpretations have distorted the role that the taxes ultimately played in spurring the revolution onwards, the fact of the matter is that the taxes only served to provide the flashpoint upon which the other malcontents were able to focus their negative energies with regards to seeking to resist the British Empire and her influence over the colonies. Secondary and tertiary reasons for why the colonists decided to make the issue of higher taxation the proverbial line in the sand are concentric around the fact that the United States was a mercantile economy at the time and was highly dependent upon the British to continue to ignite the fire that kept the colony’s economies burning brightly. However, the situation appeared, at least to the colonists, to be one sided as they were forced to sell many raw materials and finished and unfinished goods back to the British without accruing any type of â€Å"clawback† tax; whereas, at the same time, the British were able to sell finished products within the American economy, as well as constrict the sale and transfer of â€Å"inter-American trade† by emplacing special taxes upon such goods (Porter 27). This of course led to a groundswell of anger that could only be channeled by the common derision and hatred for the increased cost of living that was passed along to all; both rich and poor. Adding insult to injury with

Power Imbalances Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Power Imbalances - Coursework Example 1. Introduction: Most of the great achievements of contemporary organizations have been accomplished by adopting various new strategies in almost every sphere including organizational culture, systems, technology, human resources, operations etc. These achievements have not only increased competition but also necessitated, or even given rise to, various changes in management. One such change is the organizational structure that has changed to being a flat structure from a hierarchical one in most of the organizations. On the one hand, the flat organizational structure has helped in reducing the number of managerial levels in order to improve accessibility and increase accountability besides improving efficiency, reducing costs and better empowerment; on the other hand, this structure has bred power imbalances with greater intensity than the hierarchical structure, thus giving rise to potential conflicts. Paradoxically, these power imbalances also hinder attempts to manage conflicts. Present discourse will focus on understanding this aspect of power imbalance at workplaces and its impact on conflict management based on certain situations. Recommendations will be made based on the issues identified and conclusions will be finally drawn. 2. An understanding of power and conflict: Power refers to the elusive force experienced by people, usually based on their position. According to Daft (2009), power may be defined as â€Å"the potential ability of one person (or department) to influence other people (or department) to carry orders or to do something they would not otherwise have done† (p. 497). Power is a very important strength that managers/leaders should use in the most appropriate manner to achieve desired outcomes. Power is used to set goals, define targets, rules and policies, and to manage performance; power is also used to manage conflicts among individuals and groups. Daft (2009) explains that conflict is usually the outcome of interaction among pe ople or groups with differing opinions. Conflicts can either be helpful or harmful for the organizations and its employees. Conflicts that can instigate differential thinking and innovative options are usually helpful, whereas conflicts in terms of goals, understanding, opinions, interpretation, perception etc are usually harmful and can lead to severe consequences. 3. Relationship between power and conflict: To deal with all kinds of conflicts, managers leverage their position and power. According to the conflict theory, power is an essential element in managing conflict or in influencing others to produce desired outcome (Andersen & Taylor, 2007). Power by virtue of position provides the authority for individuals to exercise their aspirations, which can also be a cause for conflict sometimes. Moreover, usage of power, by virtue of position, to manage conflicts can be a hindrance. All these instances could be a result of the phenomenon associated with power and its usage that is us ually, and also, the reason for power imbalance. 4. Power imbalance and conflict management: Weinstein (2001) has extensively elaborated on the impact of power imbalance in mediation process. In this elaboration, she has constantly emphasized on the fact that the organization’s success and instances impacted by power imbalances cannot be separated. Very often, the hierarchical positions that decide the intensity or scope of power itself act as the causes for conflicts.  

Existing Safety Measures At Construction Sites Construction Essay

Existing Safety Measures At Construction Sites Construction Essay In simple terms, health and safety is about identifying risks and eliminating or controlling them to stop accidents and occupational ill-health. Today there is a high focus on safety in the industry. Many companies have documented that the safety and well being of their workers and fellow human beings deserve the highest priority. In history, this is a major leap. If one looks at the approach and many deaths during projects such as the great Chinese wall, which is still measured to be the largest construction project to date, the dive is visible. One ancient Chinese myth states that each stone in the great Chinese wall stands for a life gone during the walls construction. Although no files are obtainable this myth may be nearer to fact than we would like to think. Archaeologists have revealed thousands of bodies covert in the foundation of the wall. Bodies were also used to make up the walls thickness. It has been estimated that millions of workers lost their lives due to accidents, strong physical labour, hunger, and disease. This is in the order of size of a life per metre of wall length! Statistics from the UK Health and Safety Executive show that normally one or two people are killed every week as a effect of construction work. Occupational ill-health, which can build up over time, accounts for further loss of life. This fact sheet provides an foreword to health and safety best practice for construction companies and construction industry professionals, clients and their advisors. 2.2 million people work in Britains construction industry, making it the countrys biggest industry. It is also one of the most risky. In the last 25 years, over 2,800 people have died from injuries they received as a result of construction work. Many more have been injured or made ill. One in five construction sites failed health and safety checks during the latest national inspection proposal carried out by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), Inspectors from Britains workplace regulator visited 1759 refurbishment sites during March and checked on how 2145 contractors were complying with health and safety regulations.  On 348 sites sufficiently grave risks were discovered to warrant enforcement action being taken either stopping work straight away or ordering improvements to be made (Phil Hughes, 2005).   PROVISIONAL TITLE HOW CAN WE IMPROVE THE SAFETY  PERFORMANCES AT CONSTRUCTION SITES. STUDY THE  DIFFERENT SAFETY  MEASURES FOLLOWED IN GREAT BRITAIN.  Ã‚  Ã‚   This paper investigates the existing safety measures at construction sites   in Britain. The review of literature touches on the importance of safety in the construction industry, the types of construction hazards, British Labour Law on the protection against occupational risks and industrial accidents, construction site security, etc. The background of Britain is described; a study of safety levels at construction sites is conducted through questionnaires. Conclusions are made about the legal approaches to the regulation of occupational safety and health. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Aim: To investigates the existing safety measures at construction sites. Study the importance of safety in the construction industry, the types of construction hazards, industrial accidents, construction site security, etc. Analysis the health and safety in British constructions. Objectives or Purpose of the study: To achieve the goal of this study, it is needed to: 1. Make a brief overview of all health and safety in the present construction industries. 2. Analyse the ways in which these safety measures are using in various construction industries. 3. Study on British construction industries and their way of using safety measures. 4. Identify recent accidents occur at construction industries in Britain. 5. Attempt a brief comparison between the difference in safety measures using in Britain and other developing countries. 6. Suggest various ways to reduce accidents at construction sites by using safety measures effectively. LITERATURE REVIEW Due to the current condition of the U.S. economy, the construction industry is throbbing. The amount of financial support from both government and independent contracts has been adequately decreased; contractors are going to have a hard time funding and implementing their projects. Construction deals are being broken down and shut down due to a lack of capital while others are rolling without the correct needs, safety standards, and training programs. When the latter occurs there is a far greater risk for a construction accident to happen. Structures used to facilitate construction, such as framework and scaffolding, are often not given the importance they deserve, because of their momentary nature and because their cost is not recoverable from a single construction as a line item. Consequently, in many countries, the accident and failure rate for temporary structures are higher than those in eternal structures. Every industrial accident leads to tragedies such as injury or death to persons, and damage to property and the environment, with all the linked direct and indirect costs and effort. Economically and professionally more important is the fact that accidents also lead to delays in the construction process. All these add up to unwanted repercussions, not only on the workers and the organizations concerned, but also on the entire construction industry, the community, and, if the accidents and failures are sufficiently great or frequent, on the government itself. Most of the accidents and failures in momentary structures may be traced mainly to minor mistakes in fabrication, to moderately inexpensive items of materials or equipment, and to oversight or negligence in the functioning of applicable codes and regulations (Alan Griffith, 2001). Statistic has shown that the number of casualty and permanent disablement cases due to accident at the Malaysia construction sites is one of the uppermost as compared to the other sector. Even though the number of engineering accidents decreasing but the benefits paid to the accidents victims are ever increasing. Hence, there is an burning need to mitigate this problem. There are three basic steps that should be taken namely identifying the hazard, assessing the risk and domineering the risk to ensure a safe and conducive working condition. Implementation of effective hazards control methods may require different approaches due to changing of working environment at the construction sites. Latest technology employed at site had wiped out traditional method of construction and consequently bring in new types of hazard to the industry. There is an state compulsion for workers to ensure their own safety and health and, in agreement with specific instructions and the preparation they have received, to make correct use of safety devices and observe all safety rules, both collective and individual, and any other means of protection, warning or control. This obligation also extends to the use of machinery, equipment, tools, substances and risky products to ensure that inappropriate use does not jeopardise the health and safety of other employees and persons who may be there in the place of work. The basis of British health and safety law is the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974.The Act sets out the general duties which employers have towards employees and members of the public, and employees have to themselves and to each other. These duties are capable in the Act by the code of so far as is reasonably practicable. In other words, an employer does not have to take method to avoid or reduce the risk if they are technically impossible or if the time, trouble or cost of the measures would be grossly disproportionate to the risk. What the law requires here is what superior management and general sense would lead employers to do anyway: that is, to look at what the risks are and take reasonable measures to tackle them. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 (the Management Regulations) generally make more clear what employers are required to do to manage health and safety under the Health and Safety at Work Act. Like the Act, they apply to every work ac tivity (Vivian Ramsey, 2007). The injure and death rate on buildings sites in London makes construction work the most risky job in the capital. People are injured every day and on average someone dies every month. What makes this even more appalling is that these are the least accident rates yet recorded. Our report is concerned with improving the health and well-being of Londons construction workers at a time when construction work is booming. Nearly  £5 billion is being spent each year, just on new building projects. It is clear that we are not yet doing all we can to stop accidents. The industry has set itself targets to reduce accidents, but is not yet on track to reduce these targets. Everyone involved in commissioning, delivering and working in construction still must do more to make this industry as safe as any other. We should not accept as a fact of life that construction work is dangerous and nothing can be done. The 2012 Olympics is the perfect cabinet for how construction projects can be Commissione d and delivered to the highest standard. We do not want a repeat of the Situation in Athens where 14 workers died on the projects unswervingly associated with the Olympics and as many as 26 in the building of following transport infrastructure (Richard Fellows, 2001). Complete safety does not exist. Safety is often defined as taking acceptable risks. This recognises that in fact every activity, whether it is driving a car, cooking in the kitchen or working on a drilling rig has linked risks. By accepting that there will always be a certain risk concerned it is possible to reduce risks, by dropping the chance of an unsafe event and mitigating its result. Lack of training has been recognized as one of the major contributory factors in accidents and ill health in construction. Many activities are made safe simply by ensuring that those doing the work have knowledge of and understand the importance of safe practices. The incidence of inspections depends on the nature and place of work. For example, following the first inspection, work at places over two metres in height require weekly inspections. In contrast, for work in excavations (including shafts and tunnels), inspections are necessary at the start of every shift. Inspections help to ensure that safety is monitored during changing site circumstances. Reports detailing inspections are generally required every time an inspection is carried out, but there are exceptions.   Executive Research Methodology In order to understand the various health and safety measures in the present construction industries in Britain different methodologies have to be adopted. Primary Sources Interview Direct Interview is one of the main sources of primary data today. This method would be used for the internal research. The internal research will focus on a few semi-structured interviews with a few senior and top managers. The intention is to formulate a true picture of the health and safety measures used in Great Britain These interviews will help to find out the reasons for the accidents occurring in construction industries. Questionnaires Another methodology that I hope to adopt for my research is the questionnaires. Questionnaires are more economical, and easier to arrange; the answers too will be in a standardized format. In situations of difficulty to get appointments with the top-level managers this method would be used. Postal questionnaires will be sent to top managers of the Companies and the responses can be analyzed. Secondary Sources Book Reviews The external research will be carried out through the reading and understanding of published material. This includes books and articles written on the importance of safety in the construction industry, the types of construction hazards, British Labour Law on the protection against occupational risks and industrial accidents, construction site security. Etc. Internet Research Internet research is another source of secondary data. This will be used to gather historical and current information on health and safety in the world especially in Britain. This will also help us to get information on Company infrastucture as a whole. Documents Documents can be treated as a source of data in their own right. In effect it can be an alternative to questionnaires, interviews or observation. This includes published materials of company details Data analysis In order to analyze the data both quantitative and qualitative research has to be performed. Qualitative research In qualitative research words are the units of analysis. Qualitative research tends to be associated with description. The data needed for qualitative analysis has to be gathered from interviews and questionnaires. Methods like ethnography will be used for the process of qualitative analysis and ethnographic data storage software will be used to store information. There are many advantages of using such software which will help store the data safely, the data can be coded easily, and retrieval of data will be more reliable. Computerization removes barriers and scales to the scale and complexity of analysis. There are virtually no clerical limits to how much stuff you get now, and few to how complex it is. (Richards and Richards 1993:40) Quantitative research Quantitative research tends to be associated with numbers, as the unit of analysis and it tends to be associated with statistical data. Charts and graphs have to be constructed from the figures and information gathered from the questionnaires and researches. Word processing and spreadsheet packages can be used for this purpose. Information in the form of numbers will be gathered from Company Mangers by using different data collection tools like questionnaires, review of previous documents etc. and the data will be used to construct meaningful figures and charts using software. Form of Presentation The dissertation will be presented in a written form supplemented with charts showing current and historical data. Projected Findings The importance of health and safety measures in the construction industries and the methods used in Britain. Research Time table Months (FEB-MAY) MONTHS FEB MAR APR MAY WEEKS 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 Problem Identification Literature Review Research Design Choice of Methodology Data Sources Data Collection Data Analysis Writing up Draft Editing Final Document Binding of Document REFERENCES: Phil Hughes (MSc, FIOSH, RSP.), Ed Ferrett , Introduction to health and safety in construction, Butterworth-Heinemann; 2 edition (2005) Alan Griffith, Tim Howarth, Construction health and safety management, Longman (2001) Vivian Ramsey, Construction law handbook, Thomas Telford Ltd (2007)   Richard Fellows, David Langford, Robert Newcombe, Sydney Urry, Construction Management in Practice, WileyBlackwell; 2nd Edition edition (2001) http://www.forthconstruction.co.uk/downloads/an-introduction-to-health-safety.pdf accessed on 14/12/09 at 5.30 pm http://www.engineeringpage.com/technology/safety/safety_induction.html accessed on 14/12/09 at 6.00 pm http://www.hse.gov.uk/construction/index.htm accessed on 14/12/09 at 6.00 pm http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/149934.php accessed on 14/12/09 at 10.30 pm http://www.profkrishna.com/ProfK-Assets/CAFEOPaper.pdf accessed on 15/12/09 at 8.30 pm http://eprints.utm.my/445/1/1A_5._Abdul_Rahim_Hazard_at_construction_site_PAGE_(95-104).pdf accessed on 15/12/09 at 11.30 pm http://rome.angloinfo.com/countries/italy/work13.asp accessed on 15/12/09 at 12.30 am http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hsc13.pdf accessed on 16/12/09 at 1.30 pm http://www.london.gov.uk/assembly/reports/health/construction.pdf accessed on 16/12/09 at 5.30 pm http://www.healthandsafety.co.uk/conregs.htm accessed on 16/12/09 at 10.00 pm

Stained Glass Windows :: Art Architecture

Stained glass windows Stained glass windows used to be only referred to Cathedral windows but it has now moderated into a wide variety of different things. Many people think stained glass is just work on windows but it can also be three dimensional structures and sculptures. Stained glass is still widely used for different things. There was a time when stained glass was deceased but then it later got revived. Stained glass is sometimes difficult to make but if the artist is skilled enough they will produce beautiful designs. Origin of stained glass Colored glass is not something that started just recently. In fact history has it that there were colored windows around since ancient times. The Egyptians and the Romans both produced colored objects. The early Christians during the 4th and 5th century had wooden window frames that contained some omate patterns of alabaster that gave it a colored glass effect. These effects were also done by Muslim architects and others in southern Asia. Then later in the 8th century a Muslim alchemist scientifically describe 46 different colored glass. Destruction of stained glass In England many stained glass windows were being torn down and plain windows would replace them. All this happened during the dissolution of the monasteries under Henry the VIII. This caused thousands of windows to be destroyed since the dissolution of the monasteries gave Henry the right to confiscate the property of the monasteries, and to do whatever he wanted with it. Then later the traditional method of making stained glass was also destroyed and they would not be revived until early 19th century. Stained glass now Lots of stained glass windows were worked on, because there were many churches that had had their windows destroyed during World War II. The German artists were the once that set the tone to restart the restoration. Many artists have transformed stained glass into an art form. Artists now use slab glass and concrete as an innovation to the older era of stained glass. The United States also has a 100-year-old trade organization called the stain glass association of America.

Gender Discrimination Essay

Good Morning class. So, today I am going to enlighten you on the topic Gender Discrimination and how it has affected our society in general. But, before I elaborate further I would like to give you a brief and separate understanding of â€Å"Gender† and â€Å"Discrimination† as independent words. There is a lot of misconception when it comes to understanding the word Gender. As it sometimes hard to understand exactly what is meant by the term â€Å"Gender† and how it differs from the closely related term â€Å"Sex†. â€Å"Gender† refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. Meanwhile, â€Å"Sex† refers to a biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women. On the other hand, â€Å"Discrimination† is the unfair treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the basis of race, age, or sex. As said early ive given a breakdown of what gender is and what discrimination are. Gender discrimination is a global issue which is present everywhere, in every culture, in every country and even in religions. For many years people have suffered being discriminated by their sex. Gender discrimination also known as sex discrimination basically involves unfair treatment or decision making based on a person’s sex. In my own opinion gd or rather discrimination based on gender is a belief or mindset we as human beings have let ourselves to judge people not as human beings only, but as males and females. This has been passed on and on for several generations on the basis of traditionally stereotypical roles people have in the society. Such as, Woman’s role is to marry have children, caring, nurturing. The male stereotypical role is to be the financial provider (breadwinner). He is also courageous and career-focused. It is a fact from ancient times women are considered an inferior gender to men. i have to say for everywoman here in this class lets start by admitting were lucky we dnt live in the world our mothers or grandmothers lived in, where career choices for women were limited. And also for most of us in this class we are privileged we grew up and we are still growing up in a world were we have basic civil rights and amazingly we still live in a world were some women don’t have them. I saw this documentary in the pass on feminisim and sexism. Documentary on afghan. India. Its a lot to take in. we live in the same geberation but totally diff worlds So, Gender discrimination is a very serious issue and it has contributed in major setback in various societies. Although gender it is traditionally viewed as a problem normally encountered by females, we also have to accept the fact that, It has as well significantly affected males as well. Because jobs historically held by women are often shunned by men because of social humiliation. And boys are being pushed more to succeed than girls, and why is that? Nevertheless, women are still the number one and the major victims of gender discrimination. Because men happen to be more sexist than women. Sexism has always had negative consequences for women. . it is the cause that has prevented women from pursuing successful careers. In Saudi. And it is a problem and a real problem. That women are not making it to the top of any profession anywhere in this world. Out of a 190 head of states only 9 are women, when you look at the world parliament over 70per are men. The argument has often been motherhood. that Women are opting out of work they wanna care for their chidren. But what is found in reality is that women are way hard working than men and I dnt see how motherhood comes in the way pursuing a career and actually being successful innit, I agree it is quiet challenging and demanding especially during the first 2years. When we look at it There a lot of women out there who are doing it, even working 2,3 jobs and still go back to their kids at home and still are able to raise a decent family. What do we say about the single mothers out there, there out there and they are still making, only if women were given as equal opportunity as men, they certainly will excel more. that is where the problem comes women we systematically underestimate our abilities, and what women need to learn is how to own their own success. as I also said earlier discrimination comes in diif forms now we talk about Discrimination against women which comes in different forms as well; women are discriminated against in work place, regarding employment, wages, work promotions even victims of sexual harassment. Women are often discriminated against their physical ability in athletics and sports world. In several cultures or even religions around the world. Years ago, When a child is born female, they are automatically at lower advantage than if born male. For example in some cultures years ago, if a woman gives birth to a female child it is seen as a curse upon that family and the female baby is buried alive. The mindset that men are stronger and more superior to women really comes down to moral issues that has been passed from several generations and even in our present governance, where men are given an upper hand. And the truth of what was found in reality is women entering the work force make 20per less than men, who are equally qualified , with higher gpa’s and college degrees. All this problems we face as young women like myself is due to lack of knowledge. We of this generation we tot these problems have been solved. In many ways we didn’t learn about feminism in sch and we dnt knw our history based on this issue. However, I think weve come immensely far we have certainly come a long way were women are entering the work force in equal numbers as men than in the last century. And also Due to improvements in the quality of and access to education for women and the forces of globalization, gender equality has been improving in most countries. Today women are fairly given equal rights such as voting and taking part in government of most countries. But, we haven’t come far enough. Because there is still a huge gender gap in the world of politics. We still have a long way to go before reaching equality with men in the world of politics. Gender discrimination still exists in our society. Until we are able to accept each other as human beings not defined by gender. And only when our biased methods of judging genders are changed; only then the society will be able to live together in peace.

Sexism in Football

Gender Discrimination (The Sian Massey Story) On the 22nd of January 2011 female linesman Sian Massey was going to officiate as a linesman in a premier league clash between Liverpool and Wolves. Sky Sports were broadcasting the match on live television,Presenters Andy Gray and Richard Keys were preparing to cover the pre game coverage, when the two named above began to talk about the female linesman Sian Massey and what they thought about her in a very discriminating fashionThe commentators, who apparently believed their microphones were switched off, were recorded. Commenting on Ms Massey, Mr Keys said: ‘Somebody better get down there and explain offside to her. ’ Mr Gray, a former Scottish international footballer, replied: ‘Can you believe that? A female linesman. Women don’t know the offside rule. ’ Mr Keys replied: ‘Course they don’t. I can guarantee you there will be a big one today. Kenny (Liverpool manager Kenny Dalglish) will go potty. This isn’t the first time, is it?Didn’t we have one before? ’ Later in the exchange, Mr Keys said: ‘The game’s gone mad. Did you hear charming Karren Brady this morning complaining about sexism? Do me a favour, love. ’ During the game, which Liverpool won 3-0, Ms Massey angered Wolves by refusing to rule Raul Meireles offside before he set up Liverpool’s first goal. The replay showed that she made the correct decision. When The Mail on Sunday put the transcript to Mr Keys, he said: ‘I have no recollection of that.I have no idea what you are talking about. ‘My recollection is that I wished the young lady all the best. ’ When told a recording existed of the conversation, he said: ‘If you have a tape then you don’t need me to talk to you. It almost makes it worse that they're speaking when the microphones are not on as opposed to when they are on, because [they have] never really had the brass neck t o say it publicly, they would only say it privately. I have heard it and I don't believe it is just banter. Former referee Graham Poll added: â€Å"It must be very difficult for female match officials to progress in men’s football and any who do, do so on merit and should be held up as role models, not subjected to outdated, sexist attitudes †¦ (Sian Massey) is already on the FIFA assistant referees’ list in women’s football and at just 25 that is a magnificent achievement. † Michaela Tabb, a snooker referee who has officiated the World Championship final, said: : â€Å"What they have done there is completely unacceptable because they have not given her her place at all as an official.They are basically doubting her ability. She has obviously passed every exam and whatever qualifications she's had to go through. † England captain Rio Ferdinand said on Twitter: â€Å"I'm all for women refereeing in football, discrimination should not happen in our game at all †¦ prehistoric views if u think otherwise. † Hugh Robertson, the sports minister, commented: â€Å"It is very disappointing to hear these comments at a time when we are trying to get more women participating and officiating in sport, particularly football. The FA released a statement saying: â€Å"The FA has made real strides in encouraging both male and female match officials to enter the game at every level, and will continue to offer every encouragement to all officials within the football family to progress to the highest levels possible. We are proud to have some of the world's best match officials, both male and female Overall the number of female referees in England (Levels 1-8) stands at 853 and climbing, and all of our female match officials act as fantastic ambassadors for the game. They have our wholehearted and continuing support. â€Å"

How is humour created and employed in Episode 6 of Blackadder Goes Forth Essays

How is humour created and employed in Episode 6 of Blackadder Goes Forth Essays How is humour created and employed in Episode 6 of Blackadder Goes Forth Paper How is humour created and employed in Episode 6 of Blackadder Goes Forth Paper Essay Topic: Black Boy Literature Episode six of Blackadder Goes Forth is called Goodbyeee. It was written by Ben Elton and Richard Curtis. Goodbyeee is set in World War One, at the battle of the Somme; in the trenches. World War one is a difficult subject but the writers decided to add a humorous edge to highlight the serious issues of war. Blackadder was always shown before the nine oclock watershed therefore it is suitable for all ages of viewers. There are many types of humour used throughout programmes over the years: Firstly the physical world letting people down. This is often houses collapsing, or cars running away. An example of this type of comedy is featured in The Chuckle Brothers. Secondly the absurd. This type of humour is typical in cartoons, where injuries are never permanent. Commonly used in The Simpsons or Tom and Jerry. Thirdly sexual innuendos. This is where one character will say something innocent; this could be Show us your jugs love. It is implied to the audience that this is a sexual comment, but as the camera turns to the female, she would be holding two jugs of water. Sexual innuendos are used throughout Carry On films. Fourthly satire. Institutions such as the Government, or the Royal Family, are poked fun at. Have I Got News for You revolves entirely around satire. Finally self criticism or self depreciation. For example, Ronnie Corbett is famous for using this type of comedy. He was constantly cracking jokes about his personal flaws or un-favoured features. The first type of humour that is used in Goodbyeee is; verbal humour. Verbal humour could be puns, sarcasm, insults or wisecracks. Other than in Blackadder, this type of humour is used by Frank Skinner and Paul Merton. The second type of humour that is used in episode six of Blackadder Goes Forth is visual humour. It may also be known as slapstick. This could be a custard pie in the face, or somebodys trousers falling down. Other than in Blackadder, Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton and Laurel and Hardy are famous for using visual comedy in their acts. Overall, Blackadder is known as Black comedy. This means making serious issues or subjects into something amusing. The serious issues may be death, food shortage or war. The first time we hear verbal humour being displayed in Goodbyeee, is when Lieutenant George talks about the Pals Battalion that he signed up for the war with. All of Georges friends had rather strange nicknames, e. g. Bumfluff, Jacko and Badger, Sticky and Drippy and Mr Floppy. We hear Lieutenant George tell us that he and his friends had beaten the Oxford Tiddlywinkers only the week before. George then goes on to tell us that, unfortunately, all of his pals had died during the war, although he talks about their deaths in sporting terms. This tells the audience that George has no real concept of war, and even though he is well educated, he has no real life learnings; he is very nai ve. Due to his naivety, George is like a walking, talking propaganda poster. He is very nationalistic and uses jingoistic language gathered from the propaganda at home. The second time we hear verbal humour, is when Edmund Blackadder, gets cold feet about going to war. He decides that he is going to act like he has mental problems, in order to be sent home. He repeats words such as wooble, cluck cluck gibber gibber pah pah etc. Obviously Blackadder is petrified of going to war, unlike educated, middle class Lieutenant George. Blackadder understands that if he goes over the top he faces certain death. Later on Baldrick demonstrates that he doesnt actually know why the war started, a bloke called Archie Duke killed an ostrich cause he was hungry? he questions. The audience knows that the war started because Austro-Hungary invaded Germany. We can instantly tell that Baldrick is ill educated, and easily confused, but also, Baldrick is very loyal to anyone in a superior position to himself, I think this because he fights in a war that he doesnt even know why it began. In the next section of the scene, we are introduced to General Melchett. He does not have to live in the trenches; he is a higher ranking member of the army. Like Lieutenant George, General Melchett is a public school boy, who is well educated, but has no real understanding of war and death. General Melchett thinks that the men who are fighting in the war are just numbers, not lives that are being thrown away. He talks about war in sporting terms we ducked and we bobbed and we wove and we damn well won the game 15-4 Earlier in the scene, we hear Baldrick tell Blackadder what he has been making coffee from for the last thirteen months; since they ran out of real coffee. It had been made from hot mud, saliva, and dandruff. At this point in the scene, Baldrick offers Officer Darling a cup of coffee. Being unaware of what the coffee is actually made from, Officer Darling gladly accepts, adding that he would like a milky one. This is dramatic irony because only the audience realise what Darling is going to receive in his coffee cup. Baldrick disappears to make the coffee, the camera cuts from the room, but a horrible throaty noise can be heard from outside the dug-out. When the camera returns to the scene, Baldrick gives Darling the cup of coffee; Darling takes one sip and immediately spits it out. This may be very funny, but it is also outlining the serious issue of rationing and food shortage. Whilst verbal humour is used frequently throughout the episode, several references to war are highlighted by visual humour. The first example of visual humour we see in the final episode of Blackadder Goes Forth is Baldrick eating a cigarette. Edmund Blackadder had offered all of the gentlemen present a cigarette. They all gladly accepted, and all except Baldrick, lit their cigarettes and happily puffed away. However, Baldrick willingly chomped his gift. This is uproarious to watch, but also gives an insight into Baldricks character. He is loyal as he doesnt want to refuse a gift from a peer, but also because he is probably starving due to the serious issue of rationing during the war. Further on in the episode, another serious issue is highlighted by visual humour. Blackadder put two pencils up his nostrils and a pair of underpants on his head; trying to demonstrate that he has gone mad and should be sent home immediately. Blackadder had changed his mind about going over the top; he was scared of the certain death that awaited him there. Blackadder was being pro-active, but unfortunately his plan failed. Towards the end of the episode, we see General Melchett talking to Officer Darling. Whilst Melchett is wearing his bed time attire, he is also sporting and unusual looking item: a hairnet covering his moustache. To the audience this reinforces the fact that they think his is disillusioned; an unusual character. A lot of dramatic devices are used to add to the significance of one specific part of the episode. The social and historical context and the serious issues surrounding war. Dramatic devices are added to the visual humour to reinforce the significance of the scene. For example, Field Marshall Haig takes a sweeping brush and knocks down several toy soldiers off a mock battlefield, and into a dustpan. This dramatic device signifies how senior members of the army rank, who were not fighting on the front line, didnt care how many men were being slaughtered by the German soldiers. Serious issues, such as: rationing, water-logged trenches, the Christmas Truce and the fact that Baldrick didnt even know why the war had begun. The serious issue of rationing is highlighted by the previously mentioned coffee scene, involving Baldrick and Officer Darling, and Baldrick eating a cigarette. The Somme Public Baths, no running, shouting or piddling in the shallow end, this entertaining speech that Blackadder recites into the telephone receiver is immediately informing the viewer that is would be possible to swim in the trenches. Again highlighting a serious issue, this time the issue is water-logged trenches. We hear the three main characters Blackadder, Lieutenant George, and Baldrick talking about the previous Christmas, when there had been a ceasefire. The English and German troops played football on no-mans-land. The gunfire had stopped they attempted to swap cigarette cards, and had broken Christmas greetings for each other. When asked if he could remember the Christmas Truce, Blackadder replies Remember? How could I forget? There was no way I was off-side. This again is adding a humorous edge to a serious situation. At the end of the episode, the soldiers take their positions at the bottom of the ladders that they will climb to go over the top. A steady drumbeat is played; this is intended to give the effect of an approaching execution. The whistle is blown and all men advance up the ladders and over the top. All the characters yell, the German soldiers open fire before theyre even off the ladders. The scene changes to slow motion and explosions happen all around them. An echoed piano slowly plays the theme tune; this is a very emotive device, as it creates a sombre atmosphere. The view of the soldiers on the battlefield surrounded by barbed wire, slowly changes into the field as it was in 1989. Overgrown with poppies, grasses and other flowers; peaceful with chirping birds. This emotive dramatic device creates a very dark and sombre atmosphere for the episode and series to end on. I would like to think that the writers purposefully showed the image of the battlefield with poppies, to pay respect to all those who died in the war.

Free Essays on Gatsby’s Grail

In the novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, a parallel with the Arthurian Legend, particularly that of the Crusade for the Holy Grail, is shown through the conduct of Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway. Gatsby’s desire to attain Daisy Buchanan’s love is his crusade. Nick’s quest, on the other hand, is for a good life. Both men are on a voyage to uncover something to make themselves better, but each has different means of accomplishing their goal. Nick Carraway’s crusade is practically a copy of King Arthur’s quest for the Holy Grail. Nick’s desire and quest is to live his life by a moral code. This moral code is his holy grail. Coincidentally, this desire to live by a moral code is also similar to the Arthurian round tables’ ideals of chivalry. From the beginning of the novel until its conclusion, this moral code is exemplified in the way Nick resists passing judgment upon people. Nick watches out for the other characters by refusing to gossip about them. For example, Nick refuses to make any judgment regarding Gatsby’s affairs. Nick is also very concerned with honesty. This is another example of his idealistic adherence to a moral code. At one point he comments, â€Å"I am one of the few honest people I know.† (p. 64). However, Nick, like Arthur and his knights, is led astray from his quest for his grail. He begins dating Jordan and she becomes a distraction from his true quest. He begins to substitute his ideal of her for his ideal morality. This distraction shows when Nick proceeds to describe Jordan as a grail-like figure; â€Å"Daisy and Jordan sat by the couch, like silver idols.† (p.122). In a similar way to Arthur’s being led astray by Guinivere from his quest for the Grail, Nick begins to waver on his quest. But Nick is only momentarily distracted from his journey, because he realizes dating Jordan is not part of succeeding at his overall goal. Nick is quick to return to his original quest, a... Free Essays on Gatsby’s Grail Free Essays on Gatsby’s Grail In the novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, a parallel with the Arthurian Legend, particularly that of the Crusade for the Holy Grail, is shown through the conduct of Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway. Gatsby’s desire to attain Daisy Buchanan’s love is his crusade. Nick’s quest, on the other hand, is for a good life. Both men are on a voyage to uncover something to make themselves better, but each has different means of accomplishing their goal. Nick Carraway’s crusade is practically a copy of King Arthur’s quest for the Holy Grail. Nick’s desire and quest is to live his life by a moral code. This moral code is his holy grail. Coincidentally, this desire to live by a moral code is also similar to the Arthurian round tables’ ideals of chivalry. From the beginning of the novel until its conclusion, this moral code is exemplified in the way Nick resists passing judgment upon people. Nick watches out for the other characters by refusing to gossip about them. For example, Nick refuses to make any judgment regarding Gatsby’s affairs. Nick is also very concerned with honesty. This is another example of his idealistic adherence to a moral code. At one point he comments, â€Å"I am one of the few honest people I know.† (p. 64). However, Nick, like Arthur and his knights, is led astray from his quest for his grail. He begins dating Jordan and she becomes a distraction from his true quest. He begins to substitute his ideal of her for his ideal morality. This distraction shows when Nick proceeds to describe Jordan as a grail-like figure; â€Å"Daisy and Jordan sat by the couch, like silver idols.† (p.122). In a similar way to Arthur’s being led astray by Guinivere from his quest for the Grail, Nick begins to waver on his quest. But Nick is only momentarily distracted from his journey, because he realizes dating Jordan is not part of succeeding at his overall goal. Nick is quick to return to his original quest, a...

Long Distance Gift Ideas for Couples

Long Distance Gift Ideas for Couples Your college boyfriend or girlfriend might be back at home while youre away at school. Or you might be studying abroad in Vienna while your significant other is in Tokyo. When the holidays, a birthday, and Valentines Day come around, however, you definitely need to give a gift- regardless of the physical distance between you. Since the hardest thing in a long-distance relationship  is often the distance itself, looking for gifts that can help make that distance seem a little, well, less far than it is can make all the difference. Skype Credits Skype- and several other similar companies- offer a life-saving service when it comes to long-distance relationships. A Skype credit for your boyfriend or girlfriend to use is just about the closest thing to your actual self that you can give. Be respectful, too, that your partner may use some of the credits to talk with other friends or family members; distance is distance, after all. But hopefully, the two of you can splurge on a little extra time with each other online without having to worry about the balance in your Skype account. A Digital Picture Frame Digital frames have come down in cost significantly. You can now pick one up at a nearby department store or even drug store for a reasonable price. To make the gift even better, pre-load the frame with pictures of the two of you together. That way, youre giving not just a nice gift but a nice gift personalized with happy memories of your time together. A Printed Picture With so many pictures being digital these days, its uncommon to be given a good, old-fashioned printed picture in a classy frame. Fortunately, this gift is super easy and doesnt have to break your bank. You can print a great picture of you and your partner from your printer or, if you want something with a little higher quality, you can simply email a picture of the two of you to a nearby drugstore or photo shop. For a dollar or two, you get a great picture. And with a little search at places like Target, you can find a great-looking frame thats also inexpensive that you can personalize, too. Put the two together in a nice care package, and ... perfect! Something Handmade Do you have an old sweatshirt your girlfriend loves? Use your handy skills to turn a piece of it into something creative that she can treasure. Are you an amazing artist or poet? Create something of your own design that speaks to what you love best about the two of you and send it along. Gifts like these, despite their low cost, are often cherished much more than higher-priced but impersonal items. A Shadowbox With Mementos Did you have a great fall vacation together? Grab some leaves and combine them with pictures of your weekend away. If you use a shadowbox, you can create some awesome-looking designs that speak to the highlights of your relationship. You can even make a collage with movie tickets, pictures, quotations, or passages from books that you both hold dear. Be creative! A Gift Certificate to a Streaming Site Give a gift certificate to a place where you can rent movies online (like Amazon or Netflix). When is the last time you and your significant other were able to enjoy dinner and a movie together? Dont let the distance stop you. Arrange to meet up online- with either a meal you make in your room or something fun, like popcorn and licorice- and simultaneously rent a movie together. You can be Skyping or simply on the phone, but with a little patience, it can be like having a classic date.

Auditing,(True and Fair view and Independence) Essay

Auditing,(True and Fair view and Independence) - Essay Example However, Dean and Clarke (2007) have declared the truth, fairness and independence to be near impossibility due to â€Å"Faulty foundations of accounting†. An auditor’s selected procedures to conduct audit depends upon the auditor’s judgment including the assessment of risks of material misstatement. In making those risk assessments the auditor considers internal controls relevant to the entity’s preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view of the accounts, he also evaluates the appropriateness of the accounting policies and procedures. Hence, an experienced auditor can even give opinion on the â€Å"faulty foundations of accounting† (Dean and Clarke, 2007) through careful selection of procedures of audit. The objective of accounting remains to present, statements not for accounting only, but also to satisfy the auditor’s judgment which stretches beyond the books, since accounting leads to accountability only when audito r goes through it. What constitutes â€Å"true and fair† by the auditor is being widely discussed criticized, and explored equally by the governments and the corporate sector. Auditors can never be sure that their opinion presents true and fair view of the financial statements( Christopher J. ... on (2010) have taken pure philosophical aspect of TFV and discussed the â€Å"ethical discretion† that gives him â€Å"dramatic ethical role† able to either build or completely ruin the â€Å"trust† of the company under audit. Their conclusion again leads into interlinking the pure morality to be guide through some laid down principles and procedures of accounting. To give â€Å"moral weight†, an auditor has to† show the desirable results† (Campbell and Houghton, 2010), desirable for the stakeholders in general, though the stakeholders may vary from the employees of the company to the shareholders. Thus, claiming the entire morality for TFV in auditing revolves around setting standards and developing systems to ensure TFV. The role of TFV in auditing thus becomes pivotal and the objective of the TFV should be to give an opinion about the assertion of the management, for the shareholders, the strength of the financial position, its standing in t he market so as to lure potential buyers to invest on â€Å"economically informed basis† (Campbell & Houghton, 2001). â€Å"The Immediate role of audit independence is to serve the audit† the prime objective of audit independence is to â€Å"improve the cost effectiveness of capital market† (Jacobson, Peter D, 1998). Independence is â€Å"fundamental to the reliability of auditor’s report† (Ramsay, 2001). An â€Å"objective and disinterested† (Ramsay,2001) assessment of the financial assertion is said to be the foundation of the independence of the auditors, for effective corporate governance, the cost effectiveness of a business, for investor’s confidence, and particularly in wake of recent corporate failures. There are some key ways an auditor can make sure that they are perceived to be independent. Ramsay identifies these as

Cyber attacks Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Cyber attacks - Research Paper Example It is concerned with communications, transportation, water supply, energy, emergency services, and banking and finance. Information Technology has been evolved with new research and reinventions facilitating the critical infrastructure computerized. On the other side, vulnerabilities also emerged causing disruption to the critical infrastructure impacting in several ways. Although there are many vulnerabilities, cyber attacks are the most prominent one. Cyber attacks approach the target in a non traditional way. Due to inequity in the military strengths, hackers attack this critical infrastructure affecting both the economy as well as the military sector of the country (SANS: Critical infrastructure protection). It could be operated by the government or the private sector, both Networks provide opportunities for hackers to intrude the destination remotely and take control of the capabilities and resources these devices has. The impact of hacking in these systems is devastating. For example, hackers may gain access to the military radar systems, credit card data stolen, data stolen from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has revealed secret agents and now their life is at risk etc. The capacity of these attacks impact on the country’s economy, security and financial stability. They breach government networks which are directly related to national services. Thousands of new cyber attacks categorized with ‘Major’ and ‘Minor’ are penetrated on the Internet daily. The focus is the power sector of the United States including websites of Poland, South Korea and United Kingdom. They all have witnessed cyber attacks in past few months. Different schools in various sates of America have lost millions of fraudulent wire transfers (Shackelford, 2010). Cyber attacks are intelligent as well as organized. Once the network is hacked, they install small lop holes or software intruders for giving hackers access whenever they

Zara Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Zara - Essay Example Several leading organizations are trying to implement business expansion strategy in order to develop a potential global client base and achieve significant market share growth. Zara has a strong global presence. The brand implemented a unique operation management strategy in the business processes which is totally different than other retailers selling similar types of apparels. Zara is known as a vertically integrated retailer. The organization has high control on each and every step in supply chain, manufacturing, designing and distribution of the products. The company has set up its own production factory in major areas around the globe (Jones and Robinson, 2012, p.29). It helped the organization to control each and every business operation process individually. Effective integration and close look at each and every business process help the organization to maintain a strong control on production and distributions. It is discussed earlier that the organization adopted different o peration strategy in business process unlike to the similar retailers or organizations. Zara adopted just-in-time approach in the business model in order to enhance the supply chain, inventory management, and logistics management and distribution management process. The manufacturing units are located in several parts in the world. It is true that the warehouses of Zara are located in Spain. 50 % of products are manufactured in Spain. The rest of the products are manufactured throughout the world. It is a significant example of effective operation process (Slack, Chambers and Johnston, 2010, p.97). It is true that, several leading organizations used to outsource products and services from the parent country. It increases the outsourcing cost and supply chain cost. Glocal manufacturing and distribution process helped Zara to cut down the outsourcing cost. Now-a-days, Zara is significantly trying to expand its business practices due to favourable external environmental factors. In add ition to this, strong global brand name is influencing Zara to implement global expansion strategy. Manufacturing factories in different places and strong vertical integration in business model are helping Zara to adopt and implement global expansion strategy quite successfully. Question 2 Zara, being one of the leading global apparel retain chain is facing several operation management issues in its global expansion strategy. It is discussed earlier that the organization adopted vertical integration strategy in the business model. In addition to this, the organization implemented just-in-time approach in the supply chain and distribution management process. Zara believes in lowest inventor management. Zara never goes for mass production and huge inventory. According to the management of Inditex group, large inventory can affect the product quality and brand image of the organization (Johnston, Clark and Shulver, 2012, p.76). The percentage of annual sales of Zara is lower that other potential competitors due to this reason. In addition to this, Zara used to avoid developing inventories in its supply chain part from the resources and raw materials to the end users. The brand designs and manufactures almost 10,000 new models in every year and distributes it to all the retailers twice per week. This system actually increases the inventory management cost. The organization believes that large inventory and limited logistics activity can reduce the exclusivity of the products as the organization tries to provide quality and exclusive products to the target customers. The organization faced

U01d2 Cost Shifting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

U01d2 Cost Shifting - Essay Example There are a number of different treatments like the surgical, non – surgical cancer, organ transplants and other imaging like CT, MRI, PET scans and numerous other highly sophisticated tests which need to be considered and covered for. America’s health care system in the country is also structured in a manner which contributes to the rise on costs (Griffin, 2000). The concept of cost shifting is one of the major reasons that the costs have also gone up. Cost shifting simply implies at how the cost of care has shifted from one set of people to another group. The concept is such that if one group of people is unwilling to pay the bills, then the costs are redistributed to another set of people who can’t refuse to pay for the costs. One of the few reasons for the inclusion of cost shifting in the health care industry is the creation of Medicaid and Medicare. Shi and Singh explain that the cost shifting was included to offset costs when the charity received was used to make up for the difference. Feldstein explains that when there is a belief that cost shifting occurs, this could possibly be when the hospitals raise their prices to compensate for the patients that are lower charged (Morrisey, 1994). Feldstein also unveils that the costs have increased for two reasons, namely, an increase in the variable costs in terms of the wages and secondly, there are changes in the hospital payer mixes, i.e. an increase in the less price sensitive patients which allows the hospitals to increase the mark ups. This is viewed to be a profit for the hospital however this is a selfishly induced process and is controlled by the cost shifting. The knowledge that people have on the increase in the costs of the providers to make profits has led the industry to be impacted negatively and is also impacting the human charity as well. There is a clear sense of mis happenings within the industry where the rich are being given complete access to quality

Capstone Experience (Employee Impact on the Plan )3 Assignment

Capstone Experience (Employee Impact on the Plan )3 - Assignment Example have a negative effect on the organizations performance as a whole. Bad behavior in an organization setting can emanate from the work groups, to which an employee belongs; bad or strict organizational culture and policies e.g. tight supervision; work attitudes; organizational politics e.g. favoritism in promotions, poor compensation policies, personal deviance e.g. verbal abuse, sexual harassment and endangering co-workers, etc. (Robbins and Judge, 2012). Deviant behavior has a negative effect on employee recruitment and training (Martinko, Gundlach and Douglas, 2002). For instance, deviant behavior can lead to favoritism during recruitment, demotivation of new employees, high employee turnover, resistance to change, unhappy workers, unsafe work environment, low employee production, hostile work environment, low-skilled workers due to lack of commitment from old employees to mentor and train new employees, dissatisfaction, etc. (Tina, n.d.). The overall ramifications of poor employee training like poor or low quality work processes can affect negatively on the overall performance of the organization leading to business failure. Therefore, it is imperative that negative behaviors in organizations are checked to ensure that employees are satisfied because the overall performance of the organization depends on the productivity of individual employees of the organization. Martinko, M., Gundlach, M., and Douglas, S. (2002). â€Å"Toward an integrative theory of counterproductive workplace behavior: A causal reasoning perspective.† International Journal of Selection & Assessment,

Changes to the public benefit requirement under the Charities Act 2006 Essay

Changes to the public benefit requirement under the Charities Act 2006 have transformed the law in the area of charitable trusts. Discuss - Essay Example Alastair Hudson states ‘A charity is defined in the Charities Act 2006 as being ‘an institution which established for charitable purposes only’ and which falls to be subject to the control of the High Court in the exercise of its jurisdiction with respect to charities.’1 Before the act was implemented, there were four charitable purposes known as heads. These heads are the advancement of education, the advancement of religion, the relief of poverty and the benefit of the community. The new act of 2006 aims to reinstate the obligation that are laid charities had of been able to show that their charities directly benefit the public. One of the important purposes of the charities act of 2006 has been Public-benefit requirement. All charitable organizations in the United Kingdom must be able to demonstrate and provide evidence that they have been able to successfully benefit the public. In England and Wales, there are almost 600,000 organizations which includes about 200,000 registered charitable organizations which to not fall under the profit sector. The UK has always been known for having a strong tradition of charitable activities. Other organizations which are most common throughout the world have modern concerns and seek to make a profit whereas c haritable organizations have been around for the last 400 years in England and has been constantly trying to change the area of public benefits. However in the last 400 years, the society in the UK has gone through a number of important changes end there for charitable needs to be abreast with the changing societal patterns in the UK. The voluntary sector has played a major role in the charities of the UK. They have always been the subject of reviews by the government and have worked in close partnership with local and central governments. The Charities Act Of 2006 has therefore been able to provide the voluntary organizations with a much better legal framework for carrying out

Capstone Experience (Employee Impact on the Plan )3 Assignment

Capstone Experience (Employee Impact on the Plan )3 - Assignment Example have a negative effect on the organizations performance as a whole. Bad behavior in an organization setting can emanate from the work groups, to which an employee belongs; bad or strict organizational culture and policies e.g. tight supervision; work attitudes; organizational politics e.g. favoritism in promotions, poor compensation policies, personal deviance e.g. verbal abuse, sexual harassment and endangering co-workers, etc. (Robbins and Judge, 2012). Deviant behavior has a negative effect on employee recruitment and training (Martinko, Gundlach and Douglas, 2002). For instance, deviant behavior can lead to favoritism during recruitment, demotivation of new employees, high employee turnover, resistance to change, unhappy workers, unsafe work environment, low employee production, hostile work environment, low-skilled workers due to lack of commitment from old employees to mentor and train new employees, dissatisfaction, etc. (Tina, n.d.). The overall ramifications of poor employee training like poor or low quality work processes can affect negatively on the overall performance of the organization leading to business failure. Therefore, it is imperative that negative behaviors in organizations are checked to ensure that employees are satisfied because the overall performance of the organization depends on the productivity of individual employees of the organization. Martinko, M., Gundlach, M., and Douglas, S. (2002). â€Å"Toward an integrative theory of counterproductive workplace behavior: A causal reasoning perspective.† International Journal of Selection & Assessment,

Mask Work in Drama Essay Example for Free

Mask Work in Drama Essay Our mask work in drama was an experience that I very much enjoyed very much. It also made me a better drama student because I increased my body movement far more as my face could not be seen. It has also shown me that with a mask on you can go for it with your body movement but you should go for it just as much with out a mask on. Fragments This part of the portfolio is where I say what Fragments of Mask work I learnt and enjoyed. Key word Fragments: Fragments of movement we mainly made up our selfs but always had to keep them ritualistic and precise. The movement we were taught in certain lessons were from a ritual and had to be Ritualistic and precise so every move was important. Examples of fragments I learnt in the lessons regarding Mask work: I remember the first lesson that we did mask work I was so unsure weather I would like it or not. What we did was sat in a circle Miss Grenene did movements that we had to copy in a ritualistic style. Then she made up copy the ritual routine with sounds so eventually we were all doing the same movements and sounds making us a chorus. Then she made us carry on the ritual adding sounds and movements on to it as we go. Miss was also playing the drum, which made it sound like an ancient ritual war drum. I felt unsure while doing this but however my emotions became more confident as the class ritual got better and better. The feelings I had were that I had to keep together with the group like a chorus should. Real life sounds and memories of sounds and movements were used in that ritual to carry on to making our own ritual. Like clapping whistling stomping all kinds of sounds and movements. All these ideas ran through my h ead and I was thinking this is good so why not add this, this and this to the piece. This was the starting point for our work as next we had to do a ritual in masks, which really does complete the ritual. I had to team up with Ross, Jack, Lisa and Joe to perform a Ritual of travelling from a neutral calm place to a hot place, to a cold place and then a funny place. I discovered on this first performance with a mask that because my face was covered up I had to express my character with my body and even more so as I didnt have speech. We all had to huddle together as well to look like a chorus. Sadly I felt nervous on that performance as everyone was moving at different times and I could not keep up so it went badly. For the movements I thought I should look freezing and act it and look hot and act it for the others I did the same basis for the ritual. I understand that a ritual is to be a serious occasion and you should act serious and focused while acting out a ritual like for example in a funeral or wedding. Which brings me onto my next piece which was when me Jack, Lauren, Keeli, and Michelle were acting out a wedding. The manor of this performance had to be serious and precise which it was. We did slow clear-cut movements that flowed and were symbolic to a wedding. This was a good piece when we performed it however the white cloth got caught in Keelis hair and we all ended up laughing. When we performing it I saw weddings on t-v and in real life and saw how formal they were, so I decided to draw my performance from that. I played the vicar and with the mask on I felt that Ginny was gone and the Vicar of the wedding was there. I felt calm and good about this performance as it was done well but we all laughed which emphasized even more the need t be serious in a ritual. Not one of my fragments up until now has made me happy with Mask Work. Not because I dont like because I always couldnt do my role correctly in movement or voice. Now I was put in a group for my moch exam and I was brilliant and confident from the word go I had no problem expressing my self and loved it. I feel that if I did it once I can do it again maybe it was the pressure of the exam that made me do well, however I am far more confident with mask work after that. Response: My emotional response to mask work is to approach it in a willing way. I felt like I had failed whenever I didnt give a good performance, which was most of the time, which hindered y confidence. I felt down like I did not know what I was doing wrong for a long time this made me frustrated with the work. This made me more determined though because I love drama so much I was not going to be perturbed by improvements that could and were in the end made. Also while we were trying new things I felt happy or sad or angry and this was related to the movements. I found that moving a lot made me happy and I could do that a lot if I was down. My Intellectual response to the work was to always be prepared and try everything and improve. I always wanted to intellectually give a good input to work and get a good out put from it. Ideas were always flowing into my head to put into a drama piece, but sadly I didnt know when to stop. The movements that we explored were always ritualistic and expressi ve according to the character or ritual we were playing in. In our moch exam I was so pleased with the response I gave to the work, which were magical ideas, and ritualistic movements, which got a good response, back this made me pleased. I always felt ready to try but had varied emotions through out mostly of focus and confusion to the drama piece. Development: Fragments were connected and developed as we learned more and put our increasing mask work techniques together into a ritual piece. Like our sounds like drumming or humming were connected to movements. For example a scream sound+ hands trying to pull your hair out could = an insane person in ritual. Another example could be a person with clawed hands above their head + a long grunt could = a person in a ritual who is angry. Mask + Movement = A soundless piece of drama where only the body can interpret the ritual using serious prà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½cis and ritualistic movement. Also you must always have your head forward and facing the audience. Then you should have your shoulders back and have clear ritualistic movements and if there is sound use it so its clear and relevant also loud or quite depending on the mood. Mask +Movement+ Sound= A Ritual with expressive movement and sounds were effective adding atmosphere depending on the ritual piece. Mask+ Movement+ Sound+ Music= For example a piece of mask work like Oedipus which was the play we did and turned into a ritual. Fro sound we used words from the play like death, marriage, hanging, the grouching of the eyes. Then we linked these to ritualistic movements like people dieing and the grouching of the eyes. We used the music when there was a lot of tension at a high peak of the ritual. The chorus did movements all together this looked very effective and I liked the way they all moved at different level but still looked like a chorus in a ritual. Evaluation: The moch exam we did was based on a play called Oedipus and which we had to extract 10 words and turn it into a ritual with movement and music. Our 10 words were: Death, Marriage, Hanging, Grouching, Suffering, Hurl me, Madness, stabbing daggers, pain, and loved ones. The chorus which was Niki, Chris, Kirsty, Joe and Michelle used slow movements and long drowning words which made the ritual sound like a world of despair. I was the narrator and I said about the Marriage, death and hanging and the gouging of the eyes in the beginning. This was very effective and then at the end I came on screaming madness. Then the madness the chorus came out and stabbed me to death then I said the madness is done like I was closing the ritual. I must say I loved the way every ones movements were so precise and ritualistic. This so effective and the sounds we used symbolized the movements we did which made it look really good. I liked it because it flowed well and the sounds were loud and expressive. If I had to change something about the ritual it would be the fact that we could have moved more in time and also that the music could have been used more to show tension. Also the clothes were good too Red symbolising blood and black is the madness of killing. The other groups were so good as well I learnt that from them practise makes perfect. They were so realistic in voice and movement. Especially Sheryl and Daniel in voice. The choruses in all the groups could have moved better though. From this the thing I have learned that everyone must work on is their movements. The audiences were so good they gave us a lot of claps and support to spur us on.

The Circulatory System In Animals Physical Education Essay

The Circulatory System In Animals Physical Education Essay The role of the circulatory system in animals is the transportation of nutrients and oxygen to every cell that is in an animal organism, and to also remove waste products. The heart, blood vessels and blood are three vital components the body needs to survive. There are also other major roles the circulatory system has which are later discussed. Mammals have a double circulatory system meaning two circuits that blood journeys through; pulmonary and systemic. Pulmonary: Pulmonary circulation is the transportation of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again. The  pulmonary  circuit transports blood to the lungs for it to be  oxygenated  and then transported back to the heart. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is taken away from the blood, and oxygen taken up by the haemoglobin in the red blood cells. Systemic: The  systemic  circuit transports blood around the body to deliver the oxygen and returns  de-oxygenated  blood to the heart. Systemic circulation provides nutrition to all of the tissue located in the organism, with the exclusion of the heart and lungs as they have their own systems.   See below for a diagram of the circulatory system. http://biology-forums.com/gallery/14755_10_09_12_7_22_08_85152044.jpeg This diagram is showing the circulatory system; the pulmonary circuit where it is picking up oxygen from the lungs, and the systemic circuit which is transporting oxygen to the body. Author unknown (Date unknown) Heart: The heart is a muscular pump, when the heart is beating it is pumping blood to the lungs and around your body. The amount of blood pumped can be calculated. Heart rate x stroke volume = cardiac output. Below is a diagram of the heart. https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGM_WTxMNSezZlzGa-C8E0cmgifP2dYw8FFD-W3_EXLwWc36NsbxFMdv2AiNYnWTp0pj8DHdCa8s4rwIOMl3syaVq3QUCQzbs7koqLxiKqFkjoxW_LLar6DDxfOJV7oOvL9pbdX2IP8zis/s1600/HumanHeartDiagram.jpg Author unknown (Date unknown) This diagram of the heart is shown from in the front. So the  right  side is shown on the  left. The  left  side is on the  right  side of the diagram. The heart has four chambers. The two  atria  gather the blood. The two ventricles  pump blood out of the heart. Valves  stop the blood from flowing backwards. The  septum  splits the two sides of the heart. The right side of the heart pumps  de-oxygenated  blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen. The left side of the heart pumps the oxygenated  blood from the lungs around the rest of the body. Blood Vessels: There are three different types of blood vessel: Arteries Arteries transport oxygenated blood from the heart, except from the pulmonary artery which goes to the lungs where the blood would be deoxygenated. Arteries have thick muscular walls and have small lumen and they contain blood which is under high pressure. Veins Veins transport blood to the heart which is always de-oxygenated except the pulmonary vein which goes from the lungs to the heart where the blood would be oxygenated. Veins have thin walls and larger lumen and they contain blood which is under low pressure. Veins also have valves to stop blood from flowing backwards. Capillaries Capillaries are located in the lungs and muscles, when capillaries are looked at under a microscope they are one cell thick, blood is of very low pressure. The capillaries are where oxygen passes through the capillary wall into the tissues and where carbon dioxide passes from tissues in to the blood. Blood: Animal organisms cant survive without blood. Without blood, organs wouldnt get oxygen and nutrients that they need to live; animals wouldnt be able to keep warm or cool down, fight infections, or get rid of waste products. Without enough blood, animals would weaken and die. The circulatory system works carefully with other systems in animal organisms. It delivers oxygen and nutrients to organisms by working with the respiratory system. The circulatory system assists carrying waste and carbon dioxide out of the organism. The circulatory system also has its part in fighting disease in carrying specialised cells which are made in the organs of the immune system. The circulatory system is responsible for the transportation of hormones. Hormones control vast amount of things such as growth, the reproductive cycle and glucose metabolism. Hormones are produced in one part of the body, such as the brain or the liver, and then must be moved to another part of the body by the circulatory system for them to transport their message. The circulatory systems other main role is to regulate body temperature, if body temperature rises then blood vessels close to the skin increase in size so that more heat is directed in to the air and vice versa if body temperature drops the blood vessels decrease in size so the heat will retain in the body. Factors which can influence transportation and circulation in animals High blood pressure (Essential hypertension) where there is no specific cause. High blood pressure of a known cause (secondary hypertension). Low fluid volume which will also include low blood pressure. Low cardiac output. (Î’-Adrenoreceptor antagonists). Obstruct membrane changes and cardiac output, will cause widening of the blood vessels. Aneurysms, where there is weakening in the artery walls, mainly the aorta. Arteriosclerosis is where the artery walls are hardening and thickening: loss of elasticity which is part of aging. Atherosclerosis which is the process in the progression of plaques in the lumen which is located in blood vessels.   All of these may also be influenced by physiological factors for e.g. diet, exercise, disease, drugs or alcohol, obesity and excess weight. Control mechanisms in animals Self-regulating mechanisms, where biological systems try to uphold stable internal conditions e.g., blood pressure and body temperature, when there are changes in the external environment. Internal environment of any living organism was upheld constant within certain restrictions. Homeostasis is usually achieved through two types of regulating systems: on-off control and feedback control.  Hormones  often play a main role in keeping homeostatic constancy.  Homeostasis is carried out around the whole body; reaches every cell up to organs and systems. Enzymes could not work properly, which means nothing could operate correctly if there is not a constant internal environment this would mean the living organism would die. Every single cell is bathed in a watery solution, which is made by some blood plasma which is allowed to escape out of blood. This will carry away any waste back into the blood. The balance in tissue fluid is vital for the cells and the organism.  There are six things that must be controlled in an organism for good health: Carbon dioxide Additional carbon dioxide must be taken away or else the body becomes too acidic. Carbon dioxide is mainly lost in the air we breathe out, but a minor amount is lost in the urine. Urea Urea is poisonous and must be removed from the organism; this chemical is made when amino acids are digested in the liver. This is a waste chemical and is mainly removed through urine and sweat. Ions Cells can end up swollen, shrivelled or sometimes burst, if the right balance is not kept in ions. Sodium, potassium, hydrogen and phosphate are important ions. These are controlled through how much water is drunk by the organism; some are lost like sodium ions, through faeces and sweat. Sugar There has to be enough glucose for respiration and satisfactory stores of glycogen. When blood glucose levels fall too low the organism will die. Water 70% of body mass is water. Not keeping the right amount of water the organism would die. Temperature Enzymes that control all the chemical reactions in an organism work best at the temperature of approx. 37 degrees centigrade, if the organism was to get too hot or too cold the enzymes would die concluding in the organism to die.

The Hobbit by JRR Tolkein :: essays research papers

The Hobbit The story starts out telling you about hobbits and stuff that you think you should know before reading the book. Then it talks about the main start Bilbo Baggins just sitting on his porch smoking a pipe about as long as he is. When a wizard named Galdalf come up to him and stares at him for a long while till Bilbo looks up at him and says good morning. Well the go on to talk about an adventure that Galdalf as kind of forced on him. Bilbo does not wish to go on any Adventures thinks that they are not worth the trouble. Well after Bilbo goes in side Galdalf puts a mark on his door. Later the next day there came a knock at his door. He thought it was the wizard but was not. It was dwarf named Dwalin the dwarf later cam 12 other dwarfs named Blain Kili, Fili, Dori, Nori, Ori, Oin, Gloin and Thorin. Thorin was the most important dwarf. That night the all partied and drank and ate in till the next morning where they went on an adventure.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bilbo woke up and had forgot about the night before in till Galdalf came knocking on his door. He said that the hobbit was late and must ran has fast as he could to some Inn. When Bilbo got there Blain was waiting for him. Then came the rest of the people on ponies and one for Bilbo of course. At first the adventure seemed fine to Bilbo it was peaceful not a car in the world but then it started to turn ugly the lost a lot of food. There where wondering why Galdalf was not with them no more. Well then they saw a light down in the forest. They sent Bilbo down to go see what it was. When he got down there he seen that it was Goblins by the fire. They where eating and talking. When Bilbo went to go back he thought he better at lest steal something when he tried one of the goblin picked him up by his throat and they started to ask him questions. Well when Bilbo had been gone for such a long time that the went to go see what was wrong when the got down there they seen w hat happed and jumped the goblins. All of the dwarfs where captured in sacks.

George Orwell :: essays research papers

Eng. 12 Essay #3 Revision Save Face Or Do What’s Right? In the essay "Shooting an elephant" George Orwell describes an incident he had while working as an Imperial Police officer in Burma. An elephant had gone out of control and was loose in a town. He was forced to make a decision on whether to follow the will of the local people, or to save the elephant's life. Orwell knew it was wrong to kill the elephant. He had not wanted to from the beginning. He had brought a gun just in case he might need it. When he finally came to the elephant, who was peacefully eating outside of the town it no longer posed a threat. But, a large group of people had formed behind him, and they were now expecting him to kill the elephant, giving them a show and some food. The people who had abused him the entire time he had been in Burma now found him worth some interest. If he didn't kill the elephant, he would be disappointing all of the people. He considered it his job at that point to impress the people. So he killed the elephant for the people, hoping to gain respect from them. In my personal experience, I was once faced with a situation like Orwells. I was put in a situation where I had the choice of saving face or doing what was right, unlike Orwell I chose to do what was right. This passed week it happened, A couple of friends were going to Philadelphia to go to a overnight club. They were going to stay there for three days, which meant I would have missed three days of school and work. My friends were pressuring me to go, fortunately for me I don’t care what people say or think about me. They called me names. They said I was chicken, nothing serious, but it hurts when your own friends call you names. When they were leaving they called me one last time. They kept pressuring me to go. Like In "

Black Like Me †Book Report Essay

For the book report, I read the book Black Like Me by John Howard Griffin. The story takes place in 1959 and revolves around a white man who decides to go to the Deep South undercover as a black man to try to understand what really goes on there. This man, John Griffin, documented his journey from beginning to end in order to make an effort to end racial segregation. For seven weeks, he lived and experienced the horrors that a black man lived every day during that time. He quickly learned that he no longer had the same privileges as he did as a white man. He could no longer go into any store he wanted and had to walk miles before finding someone who would let him buy a glass of water or to use the bathroom. Reading this book, my eyes were opened to all the disadvantages the black man faced that I always heard about in school, but never really understood. John Griffin moved away from his home and family in Mansfield, Texas to New Orleans, Louisiana to conduct his research. His motivation was for racial justice and for his frustration of not understanding the black experience. At this time, no black man in his right mind would tell a white man how horrible life was for him. Since Griffin was a white man, interviewing blacks would not give him a true picture of their life. He decides to go with the only way he will truly find out what it’s like to be a black in the South; to change the color of his skin. He went through different medical treatments to accomplish this. To change his skin color from white to black, he took pills to darken his skin, and also used skin dyes. He then could easily pass through New Orleans’ streets as a ‘Negro’. He befriended a shoeshine who had been shining his exact same shoes when he was a white man. The shoeshine is delighted with Griffin’s project and opens the life of a black man up to him. The shoeshine taught him how to act, talk, and everything else that he needed to know. Going into this study, Griffin, knew he would run into prejudice, oppression, and many hardships, but he did not truly know how bad it was until now. He was no longer allowed to use any bathroom he pleased. Sometimes he would have to walk all the way across town, even when there was a bathroom right by him, because he could not use a white man’s facilities. Throughout his experience as a black man he deals with insults and struggles on a daily basis. After being in New Orleans for a while, he decides to go to the heart of Mississippi where racial prejudice is even worse for blacks. Griffin notices that the black communities there seemed to have given up hope of ever being equal, and he begins to notice the same look across his own face. The whites were the main contributors to this loss of hope. For example, when he was riding the bus into Mississippi they took a ten minute bathroom break. The bus driver refused to let the black passengers off because he did not want to have to go â€Å"round them up† when they left. After witnessing this sense of defeat in Mississippi and how terrible the whites were, he decides to venture to Montgomery, Alabama where he is shocked at what he finds. In Montgomery, the black community is recharged with determination. They practice passive resistance against the racist laws and rules set against them. They are filled with hope and the words of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.  They are not afraid to go to jail or face the other consequences that may lie ahead. After seeing this, he begins to switch back and forth between being a black man and then a white man the very next day. He visits the very same places as a white man and is treated with the greatest respect, while as a black man he was treated with fear and suspicion. He was able to go into the restaurants where blacks were not even allowed to stop to look at the menu. Switching between black and white opened his eyes to how society treated blacks and whites at the time. One day he was a disgrace and the next he was treated like a king. After this long trip, he decided to let his skin fully return white and go back home. After looking over his information and organizing it he decides it is finally time for the public to know the truth. He then publishes his findings and goes on television for interviews. He is asked to speak on many shows. Many people support him and his findings, but the people in his home town do not offer much support. People in his town begin to turn on him and threaten his life and the lives of his family members. He asks the police to watch his house so his family is not harmed. It gets so bad that they have to leave for a while. When they come back, nothing has changed. Someone in town hangs a dummy of him on Main Street. The dummy is half black and half white and there was a sign on it that read â€Å"John Griffin†. He decided to move his family away once and for all to prevent anyone from getting hurt. This story gave me an inside look of what it was like to be both a black and a white person during 1959 in the south. I was unable to put the book down because I was so intrigued. I have never heard the black person’s view to racial prejudice before. This story took my breath away. My favorite part of this book is when John Griffin (1960) describes how you are treated based on your skin color. I was the same man, whether white or black. Yet when I was white, I received the brotherly-love smiles and the privileges from whites and the hate stares or obsequiousness from the Negroes. And when I was a Negro, the whites judged me fit for the junk heap, while the Negroes treated me with great warmth. (p. 126) I am shocked from what I read in this book. The author was treated completely different as a white man than he was as a black man. When he was a white man, he receives respect and courtesy from the other whites, but suspicion and fear from the blacks. When he was a black man, he receives hatred and hostility from the whites, but warmth and generosity from his fellow blacks. It surprised me that you could sense these distinct feelings toward him while reading. It was almost like I was living it myself. It is crazy how cold-hearted some of the white people acted towards him. Some had sympathy in their eyes, but others were set to make his life horrible. This book just goes to show you how truly bad it was for the blacks during segregation. It is proof of it, and the stories of John Griffin are more realistic than any told or documented before. Black Like Me was not made up to sympathize the blacks or as an overreaction. It’s the truth that Griffin personally witnessed and lived. The whites dehumanized the blacks and treated them like savages. Towards the end of the book he was walking down a highway for miles hoping someone would pick him up. During the day, not a single white person would pick him up. This all changed during the night. That night, he always had a ride. He realized after a while, that the whites only picked him up to hear about the black man’s sex life. This disgusts me. These men were asking him repulsive questions, and if he did not give him a sufficient answer, he would be kicked out of the vehicle. The questions that they were asking him would never be asked to his friends. This part of the book illustrates how the whites did not care for the black man’s pride and instead wanted to dehumanize him. Reading this book, Black Like Me, opened my eyes to the terrors that the black people faced in the South during 1959. I also gain an understanding of how whites were treated in comparison to blacks. John Griffin was very brave for taking on this project and publishing his findings. This must have taken a lot of courage, but his work helped many people. Without this inside look at the treatment of blacks in the South, we might never have known how truly horrible it was. Yes, there are other stories, but this is a full account of one man’s journey in and out of the heart of segregation.

Is social media ruining our lives? Do you think social networking sites like Face book have an over all negative effect on society ? Essay

The Negative Effects of Social Media & Technology Why so many people cannot live without their phone updating their face book? In this generation people are so addicted on face book. Before and after they go to bed they cannot help themselves checking other people’s status and updating their personal life. According to About.com Web tends, â€Å"Social media is form of electronic communication through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, and personal messages. Face book is a popular free social networking website that allows registered users to create profiles, upload photos and videos, and keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues. It began as a college networking website and has expanded to include anyone and everyone.† Social media has become part of our daily lives. We are sharing information, ideas, and being able to comment on every ones photos and videos. However, social media has a negative effect in our lives and society. Social networking sites like Face book, My Space, I nstagram, and Twitter have an overall negative effect on society. Face book help to keep us connected to our family, friends and loved-ones. However, people share too much information which can lead to negative threats. Face book has become a big distraction of our society. Social media also allows contact with people around the world. It is actually source of easy communication; it is also common way that people express themselves. It can keep you up to update on the happenings of all our loved ones. However, it has a negative effect on society. Social media has become a big erosion of society. For instance, Face book. If we made ourselves completely exposed to the world, another negative effect on networking sites we shares too much information on face book and it lead us to physical danger. Cyber bullying has become a real threat; especially to teenagers it leads them to suicides. Face book has quickly become one of the most popular social networking websites on the internet. Once you have signed up for Face book account, you have made yourself completely exposed to the world. When you put all your personal private information on face book a lot of people can see your personal information. For instance, if someone wants to find anything about you, they will be able to find you on face book. The people with who you haven’t talked to in a long time for instance, your old classmates, or old friends. The negative effect on  social media sites is what if you were hiding from someone, someone you don’t want to talk to because you owed them some money or they were harassing you, they would be able to find you fairly easily. The bad thing about face book is you cannot hide from someone unless you deactivate your account. The good thing to do on face book is just keep our information private, so the people who are trying to find you on face book cannot do anything. Face book users shares too much information which can lead them a negative threats. They are over sharing of details in their everyday lives. For example, when someone posts photos or videos on face book and Twitter, it becomes viral. Even if the user deletes the video from his/her account, someone mi ght have kept it and then posted in onto other sites. According to We Shall Over share Mary Katherine, â€Å"There are thousands over sharing online as I write, paying the price with a decrease of their dignity, so you don’t have to. It’s amazing how reasonably you act when everyone you know (and many you don’t) is watching you.† Mary Katherine Ham also said, â€Å"It caused to illustrate the dangers of living a life online. As millions of us have taken to Face book, MySpace, and Twitter to connect with friends, share stories, and post pictures at a quickness and total heretofore unknown, we’ve also exponentially multiplied ways to humiliate ourselves. [The weekly Standard, June 8, 2009]. I think people should have personal responsibility because once you say or post something on Face book, you don’t get it back. Consistently, we are over sharing on social networking sites for instance, our photos and videos. Because we are so excited to let people know, what’s going on in our lives? However, we don’t know the danger on social networking sites it goes viral. In the end, we blamed other people for our irresponsible actions. While bullying has always been an issue of society, it seems that in our modern society become common through online media like Face book. It happens to all the children and teenagers. In â€Å"Colleen’s Weekly Blog,† John Halligan father of Ry an’s spoke, â€Å"His son was bullied so badly that he committed suicide at the age of thirteen.(cooleencorrigan.blogs.com)This new form of cyber bullying has been more popular in middle school and high schools. Cyber bullying lead them to suicide because of people hurts other people. There are also a small amount of parents that have face book accounts and keep up with their children. Once we are completely exposed to the social media like face book  and Twitter, we should have more responsibilities for our actions. Networking sites is like fast food, it goes so fast. It will lead us to negative effect on our lives. Social media has become a major part of our society. It connects us to communicate with our family and friends who lived on other city or other country. Face book, MySpace, Instagram and Twitter. However, it has a lot of negative effect on our If we post something on face book or other social media we should personal responsibility for our actions society. People are so addicted on social media like face book. Social media has been big erosion for us. Constantly we forget that we have something to do in our daily lives. Too much information on face book can lead us negative effect on our lives. It also leads to suicide because of cyber bullying. In this generation technology has become famous, people become addicted on social media. If we post something on face book or other social media we should personal responsibility for our actions. Online communication frequently takes the place of real life. They become dependent on the technology and forget how to socialize in face to-face. Back in the day computer did not exist; they only used telephone to communicate with other people. People used to live a simple life and had more time for their family and friends. What happened to our generation right now? Why is our society, especially the young generations, are so addicted to new technology? They cannot leave without their phone; they cannot go to sleep without checking their face book. What if technology did not exist? Are we going to be more focused on our everyday lives? Are we going to have a simple life without depending on our technology?